Kama Tipo Magi Tiyoe Maber (kod Ang’o momiyo Kinde mang’eny Ma Ok Ong’ado Loch)
Boiler mag teko, HRSG, gik ma kelo liet ma nigi kemikol mag petro, kod gik ma kelo liet ma ok ng’ich, duto geno kuom tipo ma onge ng’injo ma ASTM A213/SA213 tiyogo. Ka kloraid - ma nigi pi ma ng’ich, ng’ich ma ng’ich-ma otuo kinde ka kinde, kata dwaro mar ler matek ni e mesa,gred ma ok mak chilo (seri TP)ng’ato nyalo timo maber moloyo ng’injo mag chrome -moly nikech nyalo mar geng’o ng’injo kod ng’injo, tieko mayom ma iye, kod loso mayot. Liet ma malo -, tij motuo kod gik ma ng’ato nyalo ng’ado matek pod odong’Gredi mag T{0}}e tugo-ahinya ahinya ne bengi mag gik ma kelo liet ahinya kod ma kelo liet kendo.
Kes mag tiyo kodgi pile:
Gik ma ok ng’ich (TP304/304H, TP321/321H, TP347/347H): gik ma loko liet, gik ma keto kondensa, gik ma kelo liet mag chiemo, gik ma kelo liet kata ma ng’ich.
11:22, T91): ng’injo mag ng’injo ma ng’ich ahinya/ma ng’injo kendo gi ng’injo ma teko mar ng’injo ma kinde malach loyo.
Yiero ma ok ng’ich kata ma ok ng’ich - Moly: Yo ma tiyo
Yo mayot mar keto yiero en keto mapdiere + liet + giko mar ngimane joot ma nigi gred.
Tebol mar 1 - Ranyisi mag yiero mapiyo
|
Ranyisi mar tij |
Jo ot mar TP ma ok mak chilo (mapile) |
Jo ot mar T (ma pile) |
|
Kloraid / ng’wech mar pi-motwo / ler |
TP316L/316H; TP304/304H ka kloraid ni piny |
Ok ohero |
|
Chikruok mar winjo gik moko e liet mamalo |
TP321/321H (Ti - ma ochung' motegno); TP347/347H |
- |
|
Margin ma malo mogik mar ng'ado (gas motuo, liet ahinya) |
TP347H/321H e kes moyier |
T91 > T22 > T11 ≈ T9 |
|
Risiko matin mogik mar keto pi e nam |
TP316L (mating'o Mo) |
- |
|
Nengo-tiyo maber e tich ma ng’ich ahinya |
TP304/304H |
T11/T22 (ka ng'injo ok tek) |
Speks mag projek kinde duto locho; mesa en yo machuok mar ng’iyo gik moko mapiyo.
Gred ma ok ng’ich e wang’ achiel (Siri mar TP)
Tebol mar 2 - Yiero mapile mag tipo ma ok mak chilo e bwo A213
|
Rang'iny |
Gik madongo mag kemistri |
Ang'o ma en maber e |
Tije mapile |
|
TP304 / 304H |
~18Cr -8Ni (H=rang'iny mar kabon mar liet mamalo) |
Tiyo malach; ng’ado piny maler; nyalo maber mar loso |
Kondensa/liet-gik ma loko gik moko, gik ma kelo liet |
|
TP316L / 316H |
Omedo ~ 2-3% Mo; L=C ma piny; H=ma malo - liet |
304/304H maber moloyo |
Pi nam - machiegni, gik ma miyo kloraid bedo mayom |
|
TP321 / 321H |
Ti - ochung' motegno |
Chikruok mar winjo gik moko e liet ma malo |
Koil mag gik ma kelo liet ahinya, gik ma loko liet ma malo - |
|
TP347 / 347H |
Nb - oket motegno |
Mana kaka 321; dirisa motegno mar keto gik moko obed motegno |
Koil mag furu/boila ma nigi ng’wech mar lietH-gredi dwaro ni oting'o teko mar liet ma malo; L-gredi dwaro loso gik moko kendo geng’o ng’ato bedo gi ng’iyo e tij pi. |
Gred mag Aloy mar Ferit "T" e weche
Tebol mar 3 - Kama T9, T11, T22, T91 oromoe
|
Rang'iny |
Paro (nying) |
Neno mar teko (ma liet) |
Tich ma pile |
|
T11 |
~1.25Kr-0.5Mo |
Laini mokuongo |
Boiler/liet ma oromo - tipo mag loko |
|
T22 |
~2.25kr-1mo |
↑ gi T11 |
Bengi ma liet moloyo; nengo-margin mar ng'ado maber |
|
T9 |
~9Kr-1Mo (magoyo) |
Band machal gi T22 |
Yier huduma ma ng’ich kod kuonde ma ng’ato nyalo lokoe |
|
T91 |
9Cr 1Mo V-Nb (martensait ma owang') |
Maloyo moloyo e grup |
Kidieny mag gik ma liet ahinya/ma liet kendo |
Pichni mag Kemistri (Kido mag Tulo)
Tebol mar 4 - Gik ma ok mak chilo (seri mag TP, pek.%)
|
Rang'iny |
C (L/H) |
Cr |
Ni |
Mo |
Gima keto ler |
|
TP304/304H |
Matin moloyo kata marom gi 0.035 / 0.04-0.10 |
~18–20 |
~8–11 |
- |
- |
|
TP316L/316H |
Matin moloyo kata marom gi 0.035 / 0.04-0.10 |
~16–18 |
~10–14 |
~2.0–3.0 |
- |
|
TP321/321H |
Matin moloyo kata marom gi 0.035 / 0.04-0.10 |
~17–19 |
~9–13 |
- |
Ti |
|
TP347/347H |
Matin moloyo kata marom gi 0.035 / 0.04-0.10 |
~17–19 |
~9–13 |
- |
Nb/Ta |
Tebol mar 5 - Aloy mar ferit (T siri, pek.%)
|
Rang'iny |
C (kido.) |
Cr (kido.) |
Mo (kido.) |
V/Nb/N (ka nyalore) |
|
T11 |
Matin moloyo kata marom gi 0.12 |
~1.0–1.5 |
~0.44–0.65 |
- |
|
T22 |
Matin moloyo kata marom gi 0.15 |
~1.9–2.6 |
~0.87–1.13 |
- |
|
T9 |
Matin moloyo kata marom gi 0.15 |
~8–10 |
~0.9–1.1 |
- |
|
T91 |
0.08–0.12 |
~8–9.5 |
~0.85–1.05 |
V, Nb, N medo matin |
Rang ASTM A213/SA213 masani mondo ing’e gik ma ng’ato onego otim kod gik ma ng’ato nyalo yie mondo otim nonro kuom gik ma oloso.
Pimo mag Mekanik & Malo -Liet (Matin e Liet mar Ot)
Tebol mar 6 – Gik matin mogik ma nyiso (rang kod ma sani/rang’iny)
|
Jo ot / Kidieny |
Min mar teko |
Minit mar yudo |
Min mar bor |
|
Austenitik (kaka ranyisi, TP304/316L) |
≈ 515 mPa (75 ksi) |
205 MPa (30 ksi) |
≈ 35% |
|
(Gredi mag H) |
515 MPa |
205 MPa |
≈ 30–35% |
|
T11/T22 |
415 MPa |
205 MPa |
≈ 20% |
|
T91 |
585 MPa |
415 MPa |
≈ 20% |
Oboke mag Loso - Maongee ng'injo Kende (Skop mar A213)
- Yore:liet - otieko bang'e koyo - otieko nyaka e duong'; ok mak chilo kinde ka kinde dwoko - ma owang' kendoOketo pikel/oket okomondo iyud ID maler.
- Thieth mar liet:- dwoko ma ok ng’ich + ng’ich mapiyo; T91-keto kaka pile kendo bedo gi mirima (ka ng’ato ka ng’ato); T11/T22-miyo thieth bedo kaka pile kata ma ok tek ahinya kaka ondik.
- Oboke kod ler:tipo ma ok ng’ich ma imiyo pile ka pile gi ID mar ng’ich ma piny - mondo oter liet maber kendo maler-e -kabedo ma pile.
- Jiometri:OD/ng’injo mapek kod ng’injo malong’o konyo e loso gik moko duto kendo loso tipo - nyaka - tipo.
- U-goyo:ng’enyne imiyo ne gik ma kelo liet ma ok ng’ich ma nigi radii ma ng’ato nyalo ng’ado kendo ma dwoko piny pek ka dwarore.
Temo kod Rang'o ma Owinjore Inyis
Tebol mar 7 – Dwaro mapile e bwo A213 (projek -luwore)
|
Gimoro |
TP ma ok mak chilo |
sirini (t11/t22/t91) |
|
Tem mar stima mar pi kata NDE |
Owinjore (achiel kata mamoko) |
Owinjore (achiel kata mamoko) |
|
Koro mar Eddy / dwol ma malo (NDE) |
Kinde mang’eny oket mondo ochop 100% |
Kinde mang’eny oket mondo ochop 100% |
|
Tem mag loso / rieny / flanj |
Kaka oler gi A213 |
Kaka oler gi A213 |
|
Duong' mar cham (ostenitik) |
Dware kama nyalore |
- |
|
Tem mar ng'injo mantie e kind gik moko (IGC) |
Kaluwore gi kaka ondiki (kaka, yore mag ASTM A262) |
- |
|
Chik matek |
Kinde mang’eny gin weche |
En gima duong' ne T91 kuom yore ka yore |
|
PMI kod oboke |
PMI kuom gik ma oting’o; paket ma opong' mar MTC |
PMI kuom gik ma oting’o; paket ma opong' mar MTC |
Bedo gi Rapim (Ranyisi mar Paip mar Oktal)
Tebol mar 8 – Balof mar chiwo mapile (projek - makende)
|
Paramita |
TP ma ok mak chilo |
sirini (t11/t22/t91) |
|
Diamita mar oko |
~12.7-114.3 milimita (1⁄2 ei-41⁄2 ei) |
Kidieny machalre |
|
Ohinga mapek |
~1.24-12.7 milimita (ka chenro/goyo) |
~ 2-16 milimita (ohinga mapek yudore.) |
|
Bor |
Kaka 12 m ma pile; ng'ad- nyaka -bor |
Nyaka mita 12 kaka pile |
|
Tieko |
Oketo/oket oko, olosi kaluwore kod dwaro |
Tieko ma olosi kaka pile/ma owang' |
|
Tipo tieko |
Giko maler; tipo - nyaka - loso oboke mar tipo |
Giko maler; otur ka req |
Listi mar ng’ado bura (Gik ma onego iket e oboke mar data)
- (L/H kaka dwarore) kata T11/T22/T91 ma nigi ng’injo ma dwarore.
- Gipimo: OD, ohinga, bor ma ochung’ne; U-radius mag ng’injo kod ng’ado tiende ka nyalore.
- Tiyo gi liet kod wi lowo: loso pi + loso / keto gik moko ma ok ng’ich (ma ok ng’ich); loso/keto mirima (kaka nyalore).
- NDE chenro: temo mar pi kata mar stima; 100% mar ng’wech/UT ka dwarore; yore mag yie.
- Kaka ng’ato nyalo ng’ado bura: Temo mar IGC mar gred ma ochung’ motegno ka oket; giko mar kloraid; protokol mar loso gik moko.
- 10204 (kaka, 3.1), nyalo mar luwo, keto gik moko e paket, keto osimbo.
- Ng’at mar adek-: neno/ng’iyoyudore ka ikwayo(BV, SGS, kod mamoko).
Penjo ma ji penjoga
1:13 Ere kaka anyalo yiero e kind rang’iny mar TP ma ok ng’ich kod rang’iny mar T ma ok ng’ich e bwo ASTM A213/SA213?
A1:Ti kod gredi mag TP ne dwaro mag tich ma ng’ich/ma ng’ich kata ma nigi kloraid kod maler; ti gi gredi mag T ka otwo ma malo - teko mar ng’ado e liet en gima duong’ ma kelo.
<2Zepa> Penjo mar 2: Ang’o ma opogore ahinya e kind ng’ado tipo mag SA213, T22, kod T91?
A2:T11 en ng’at ma ng’ado ng’wech mar ng’ich ma ng’ich ahinya, T22 medo ng’ich mar ng’ich mar ng’ich ahinya, kendo T91 itiyogo ne tich mar ng’ich ma ng’ich ahinya.
<2Zepa> Q3: En ng’iyo mage kod oboke mage ma onego akwa kuom ng’ado tipo mag ASTM A213/SA213?
A3:Kwa mondo otimnegi temo mar pi kata temo mar stima mar NDE, 100% mar stima ma ng’ato nyalo ng’ado/UT ka dwarore, PMI, kod MTC ma opong’o ma nigi rekod mag thieth mar liet.
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